Laser stands for light amplification by stimulated. Laser beam machining main parts, principle, working with application may 2, 2017 december 26, 2018 pankaj mishra 2 comments manufacturing processes laser beam machining lbm is a form of machining process in which laser beam is used for the machining of metallic and nonmetallic materials. Ebm electron beam machining lbm laser beam machining 6. Laser means light amplified stimulated emission of radiation. Especially during the cutting process, when the torch and nozzle of the plasma cutting machine have problems, it will cause obvious defects to the plate. Control parameters optimization of laser beam machining using. However in electrochemical machining there is a physical tool that is very much required for machining in ntm, the tool need not be harder than the work piece material. It is similar to the electron beam welding machine. Electron beam machining is same as laser beam machining process in which except laser, high speed electron beam impinges on work piece. Hello everyone welcome to engineers academy topics covered.
Laser beam is uniform over the entire area of hotspot. The laser beam machining uses the effects generated at the impact of the workpiece surface with a laser beam that has adequate energetically and spatial temporal characteristics. The construction and working principle of the electron beam gun would be discussed in the next section. View and download powerpoint presentations on electron beam machining ppt. Laser beams are being used for a variety of industrial applications, including heat treatment, welding, measurement as well as cutting, drilling, slitting, slotting. Review on laser beam machining process parameter optimization.
Electron beam machiningbasic terms and working duration. Working, advantages, limitations, applications, laser projects, pdf. Electrochemical machiningecm, laser beam machininglbm. It includes some hybrid machining processes namely, electrochemical grinding, electric discharge grinding and similar others. Sharma, department of mechanical engineering, iit roorkee. Laser beam machining how is laser beam machining abbreviated. Laser beam machining lbm is one amongst the foremost widely used thermal energy based noncontact kind advance machining method which may be applied for nearly whole vary of materials. Nov 05, 2014 laser beam machining used light energy from a laser to remove material by vaporization and ablation energy is concentrated optically laser emits either continuous or pulsed light beam 5 source. Cutting laser cutting is able to cut faster and with a higher quality then competing processes. Today we will learn about laser beam machining principle, working, equipments, application, advantages and disadvantages with its diagram.
Apr 21, 2017 material removal rate the basic assumptions to analyze the material removal process are. It finds wide applications in various industries like space tech, automobiles, avionics, shipbuilding and many others manufacturing process. In this process, a laser beam is focused for melting and vaporizing to. Laser beam machining latst authorstream presentation. In this video we have explained working of laser beam machining process, we. The focusing characteristics of a laser beam, which may be of interest to anyone using a laser for work or experimentation. This process uses thermal energy to remove material from metallic or nonmetallic surfaces. Laser beam machining is a non traditional process where machining takes place without tool in contact with work piece. Find powerpoint presentations and slides using the power of, find free presentations research about electron beam machining ppt. Laser beam machining, being a noncontact process, does not involve any mechanical cutting forces and tool wear.
Major applications of laser beam is in cutting of metals and non metals, soft. In the last class, we had discussed about electrical discharge machining, ultrasonic machining etc. Nternational sciences and ngineering ol o eptember finite. Laser beam machining lbm is used to perform various types of drilling, slitting, slotting, scribing, and marking operations. These lasers can generate 400 to 1,500 watts of power, which can cut through 1inch 2.
It is known that, as result of the laser beam impact with the workpiece material, local chemical and physical effects are signalized. Electro chemical machining consists of following basic elements. Machining is the broad term used to describe removal of material from a workpiece includes cutting, abrasive processes grinding, advanced machining processes electrical, chemical, thermal, hydrodynamic, lasers automation began when lathes were introduced in 1700s now have computer numerical control cnc machines. Hence, it was realize to develop some nonconventional machining methods known as advanced machining processes. The main operating parameters associated with laser assisted machining are. Punch, plasma, abrasive waterjet, ultrasonic, oxyflame, sawing and milling can be automated 80% industrial lasers in japan are used for metal cutting 7. It offers its competences from macro machining to micro and nano machining of simpletocomplex shapes.
The mechanism of material removal is primarily by melting and rapid vaporisation. Current research and development in laser beam machining \lbm\. Laser beam machining or more broadly laser material processing deals with machining and material processing like heat treatment, alloying, cladding, sheet metal bending. Expert advice on choosing the best cnc laser cutter for your application. Electrochemical machining ecm, laser beam machining lbm. Here today we are going to study definition, working process, principle, advantages, disadvantages, and application. The tool uses mirrors that direct the proton laser beam to the desired cutting location. The process is different from electric discharge, electron beam, laser and plasma arc machining in that the process does not. It is monochromatic light or single wavelength light which is unidirectional in nature. Electron beam gun provides high velocity electrons over a very small spot size. The method can be used on any material, regardless of thermal properties, which can be evaporated. Parametric analysis of cutting parameters for laser beam. The intensity of laser beam does not vary with time. Ebm and lbm are typically used with higher power density to machine materials.
Notes on electron beam machining ebm me mechanical. Laser beam machining lbm, response surface methodology rsm, genetic algorithm ga, optimization. These methods form a group of processes which removes excess material by various. Current research and development in laser beam machining lbm. In a vacuum chamber, a beam of highvelocity electrons is focused on a workpiece. Laser beam machining lbm kcg college of technology. Laser beam machining an overview sciencedirect topics.
On this channel you can get education and knowledge for general issues and topics. Drilling small diameter holes is possibledown to 0. Electron beam welding ebw is a fusion welding in which coalescence is produced by heating the workpiece due to impingement of the concentrated electron beam of high kinetic energy on the workpiece. The light produced is a coherent, monochromatic and collimated beam which can be focused to small spots of diameter of 0. Download machining process pdf at the end of the article. This will generate high heat energy and melts and vaporize metal from work piece. The quality of cut depends upon many control factors or parameters such as laser beam parameters laser power, pulse width, pulse frequency, modes of operation, pulse energy. In this machining process metal is removed by melting and vaporization of metal particle from surface of work piece. Laser beam is focussed for melting and vaporizing the unwanted material from the parent material. Ion beam machining machine tool technology britannica. Ion beam machining is an important nonconventional manufacturing technology used in micronanofabrication, using a stream of accelerated ions to remove the atoms on the surface of the object. Applications 1 processing of all kinds of materials like plastic,leather,cork etc. As such, the energy intensity of a focused beam is almost totally transmitted into the material at the spot and will instantly vaporise a hole. Presentation mode open print download current view.
Laser beam machining is a nonconventional machining method. Mar 17, 2016 electron beam machining ebm is a thermal process. In ebm, electrons are accelerated to high velocity as half of the light speed, then it is impinged to. Laser beam machining lbm is one of the most widely used thermal energy based noncontact type advance machining process which can be applied for almost whole range of materials. Yag laser reported in this thesis, following general conclusions have been drawn. Ebm can be used for very precise cutting or boring of a wide variety of metals. The material being removed is both melting and evaporating. At the bottom of the articles you can easily download pdf. The kinetic energy of the electrons, upon striking the workpiece, changes to heat, which vaporizes read more.
Electron beam welding advantages,disadvantages and. Laser beam machining is the machining processes involving a laser. How laser beam welding works laser beam welding process laser beam welding setup. Electron beam machining is required to be carried out in vacuum. Introduction laser beam machining lbm is a novel thermal energy based advanced machining process which can be used for machining a wide range of materials. Electron beam machining ebm is a process where highvelocity electrons concentrated into a narrow beam are directed toward the work piece, creating heat and vaporizing the material. In electro chemical machining an electrolyte acts as a current carrier. Laser beam machining lbm is a non conventional machining manufacturing process, a form of machining, in which a laser is directed towards the work piece for machining. Do not use the metal which this laser machining can reflect, to the high temperature. Laser cutting is a fairly new technology that allows metals to be cut with extreme precision. The laser cutting machine does not damage the workpiece, while the plasma cutting machine has damage to the plate. Laser active medium, pumping and 2 mirrors the pump pumps energy insider the active medium the energy is absorbed, producing excited states in atoms this goes on until the number of particles in the excited state exceeds the number of.
Investigation of effect of laser beam machining lbm. Because the laser beam is focused into tiny light points, so the cutting slot. Electron beam ebm and laser beam machining lbm are newer. May 31, 2018 laser beam machining lbm is one amongst the foremost widely used thermal energy based noncontact kind advance machining method which may be applied for nearly whole vary of materials. Apr 14, 2020 a co2 laser is one of the more powerful types of laser used in laser beam machining. Electronbeam machining ebm the ebm technique is used for cutting fine holes and slots in any material.
Laser beam machining can be used for cladding, cutting, welding and drilling. Laser power, spot diameter of the laser beam, cutting speed, feed rate and depth of cut. The beam removes atoms from the workpiece by transferring energy and momentum to. Dec 07, 2016 electron beam machining is a kind of machining process by using highvelocity electron beam. Effects of the laser beam interaction with the workpiece material.
In another report commerciallyavailable ceramic tiles were cut using a co 2 laser cutting machine, with the object of producing a laser beam machining lbm database that would contain the. We work with you prior and post purchase to make sure that your beam laser is best suited and tuned to fulfilling the needs of your production. Laser beam machining process uses highly coherent light source. The electrolyte in ecm should have high electrical conductivity, low viscosity, high specific heat, chemical stability, resistance to form a passivating film on the workpiece surface, non. Laser beam machining lbm is a thermal energy based advanced machining process in which the material is removed by i melting, ii vaporization, and iii chemical degradation chemical bonds are broken which causes the materials to degrade. Among thermal removal methods, electrical discharge machining or edm is the oldest and most widely used. Laser beam machining lbm introduction is a thermal process laser how it works light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation main components. Short notes for gate mechanical engineering laser beam machining lbm in the last article we learnt about the electron beam machining, and in this article, we will learn about the next unconventional machining process laser beam machining lbm. School of industrial engineering, purdue university.
Electron beam welding advantages,disadvantages and application introduction to e beam welding. Laser beam machining is a thermal machining process which uses laser beam to produce heat. It is a gas laser built by ali javan at mit, with a wavelength of 632. Laser beam machining lbm is a non conventional machining manufacturing process, a form of machining, in which a laser is directed towards the work piece. Laser beam machining free download as powerpoint presentation. In ibm a stream of charged atoms ions of an inert gas, such as argon, is accelerated in a vacuum by high energies and directed toward a solid workpiece. The future analysis of laser cutting machines market get pdf sample. The high intensity which can be obtained by focusing the pulsed energy emitted by a laser can offer potential as a tool for nearly forceless machining. If you were asked to name an important event from 1967, there are plenty of obvious answers. How laser beam welding works laser beam welding process. Research scholar, department of production engineering, kits college of engineering, shivaji. Perhaps the most over used word in the world of cnc machinery. Ppt laser beam machining powerpoint presentation free.
Laser beam propagation well begin our discussion of beam propagation with a practical topic. It is a nontraditional machining process in which no physical tool is used. Other articles where ion beam machining is discussed. Lbm is one of the advanced machining processes which are used for shaping almost whole range of engineering materials. Laser beam machining is a thermal energy based cutting process, which is executed by moving a focused laser beam on the surface of the workpiece with appropriate scanning speed. Laser beam machining main parts, principle, working with. Laser beam machining lbm is a method of machining that uses laser beam to mill metal and nonmetallic materials. Ion beam machining or etching is generally a surface finishing process in which the material removal takes place by sputtering of ions. Beam separates itself from all others we dont simply drop a machine in your shop.
Part 3 elaborates chemical and electrochemical machining processes. Laser beam welding is a welding process that uses a laser beam to melt and vaporize material. Such processing is carried out utilizing the energy of coherent photons or laser beam, which is mostly converted into thermal energy upon. Here the lasing material is in the form of a solid ruby. Abstract electron beam is generated in an electron beam gun. Multiobjective optimization of laser beam machining process. In thermal removing processes, thermal energy, provided by a heat source, melts or vaporizes the volume of the material to be removed. Lecture notes lbm laser beam machining sustainable. A laser beam machining lbm database for the cutting of ceramic tile article pdf available in journal of materials processing technology 84. Here a steam of high speed electrons impinges on the work surface so that the kinetic energy of electrons is transferred to work producing intense heating.
Laser beam machining lbm has proven its applications and advantages over almost all the range of engineering materials. Depending upon the intensity of heating the workpiece can melt and vaporize. Plastics polymers lasers have found their way into many plastic machining operations because of their ability to cut complex geometrise, at high feedrates without contacting the work piece. As the electron beam impinges the workpiece, kinetic energy of.
Investigation of effect of laser beam machining lbm process parameters on performance characteristics of stainless steel ss 304 mr. Laser beam machining used light energy from a laser to remove material by vaporization and ablation energy is concentrated optically laser emits either continuous or pulsed light beam 5 source. Pdf a laser beam machining lbm database for the cutting. Laser beam machining or more broadly laser material processing deals with machining and material processing like heat treatment, alloying, cladding, sheet metal bending etc. Through this process, a highenergy laser beam is produced to strike at the workpiece, the laser thermal energy is transmitted to read more.
546 562 1056 1629 1235 1051 718 1168 949 1455 1163 840 1062 563 579 1353 376 1581 311 1612 968 560 204 1179 437 88 340 221 1571 1588 949 108 813 469 956 392 671 842 59 104 340 365 1054 835 319 1169 93 541